[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“3.20.2″][et_pb_row _builder_version=“3.20.2″][et_pb_column type=“4_4″ _builder_version=“3.20.2″][et_pb_accordion _builder_version=“3.20.2″][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Co je palmov\u00fd olej?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n
Palmov\u00fd olej je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rostlinn\u00fdm olejem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Olej se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z du\u017einy plod\u016f palmy olejn\u00e9, kter\u00e9 jsou obvykle na\u010dervenal\u00e9 barvy. Plod palmy olejn\u00e9 m\u00e1 jedno semeno (j\u00e1dro), ze kter\u00e9ho se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk. Palmov\u00fd olej a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e1 slo\u017een\u00ed, t\u00edm i vlastnosti a hod\u00ed se p\u0159ednostn\u011b k jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi palmov\u00fdm a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fdm tukem?“ open=“on“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n
Oba poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z jedn\u00e9 rostliny – palmy olejn\u00e9. Palmov\u00fd olej se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z du\u017einy plodu, palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd, jak u\u017e napov\u00edd\u00e1 n\u00e1zev, z j\u00e1dra. Pom\u011brn\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho oleje a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00e9ho tuku v plodech palmy olejn\u00e9 je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 9:1. Oba tuky se li\u0161\u00ed procentu\u00e1ln\u00edm zastoupen\u00edm jednotliv\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin, z \u010deho\u017e vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti i \u00fa\u010del pou\u017eit\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco u palmov\u00e9ho oleje jsou nasycen\u00e9 a nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny v rovnov\u00e1ze (50:50 %), u palmoj\u00e1drov\u00e9ho tuku v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed nasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyselin (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 82 %). V palmov\u00e9m oleji je dominantn\u00ed palmitov\u00e1 kyselina s 16 uhl\u00edky v molekule (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 44 %), u palmoj\u00e1drov\u00e9ho tuku je to kyselina laurov\u00e1 (okolo 48 %) s 12 uhl\u00edky v molekule. Palmov\u00fd olej se v\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v kosmetice \u010di detergentech pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu obsahu kyseliny laurov\u00e9, z n\u00ed\u017e se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u0159ada povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek. V potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed se palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad na polevy. Palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk se sv\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm podob\u00e1 tuku kokosov\u00e9mu. Zat\u00edmco je kokosov\u00fd tuk d\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu obsahu kyseliny laurov\u00e9 op\u0159eden spoustou m\u00fdt\u016f o zdravotn\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161nosti jeho konzumace, na palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk se zapom\u00edn\u00e1, p\u0159itom m\u00e1 palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed z hlediska v\u00fd\u017eivy ne\u017e kokosov\u00fd, obsahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 8 % v\u00edce nenasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci ve slo\u017een\u00ed potravin na obalech rozli\u0161uj\u00ed, zda je pou\u017eit palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk nebo palmov\u00fd olej, jin\u00ed ne. Legislativn\u00ed povinnost ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 doplnit u olej\u016f a tuk\u016f konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed rostlinn\u00fd p\u016fvod, a to je u obou tuk\u016f palma olejn\u00e1, proto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ve slo\u017een\u00ed potraviny pro oba tuky pou\u017eit souhrnn\u00fd n\u00e1zev \u201epalmov\u00fd\u201c.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“ Kde se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat s palmov\u00fdm olejem?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina produkt\u016f v supermarketu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 palmov\u00fd olej. Jedn\u00e1 se jak o potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, jako jsou margarin, cukrovinky, \u010dokol\u00e1da, zmrzlina a peka\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, tak i o v\u00fdrobky rychloobr\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed jako jsou m\u00fddlo, detergenty, sv\u00ed\u010dky a kosmetika. [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jak\u00e1 je celosv\u011btov\u00e1 spot\u0159eba palmov\u00e9ho oleje?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n V roce 2018 dos\u00e1hla celosv\u011btov\u00e1 spot\u0159eba palmov\u00e9ho oleje 69,57 milion\u016f tun, Palmov\u00fd olej je nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm olejem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Hlavn\u00edmi spot\u0159ebiteli palmov\u00e9ho oleje jsou Indon\u00e9sie, Indie, Evropsk\u00e1 unie a \u010c\u00edna. [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Pro\u010d v\u00fdrobci potravin pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed palmov\u00fd olej?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Palmov\u00fd olej m\u00e1 p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 polotuhou konzistenci. Ta je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 pro strukturu n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Po\u017eadovan\u00e9 vlastnosti z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 palmov\u00fd olej d\u00edky nasycen\u00fdm mastn\u00fdm kyselin\u00e1m. N\u00e1pl\u0148 \u010dokol\u00e1dy s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin by byla za norm\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty tekut\u00e1. Palmov\u00fd olej dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdrobk\u016fm hladkou a kr\u00e9movou texturu. Neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed chu\u0165 a v\u016fn\u011b z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed dokonalou p\u0159\u00edsadu do mnoha v\u00fdrobn\u00edch receptur. Palmov\u00fd olej vykazuje rovn\u011b\u017e vysokou stabilitu v\u016f\u010di oxidac\u00edm, pozitivn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje trvanlivost potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobku a je vhodn\u00fd k pou\u017eit\u00ed v tepl\u00e9 kuchyni, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i kulin\u00e1rn\u00edch postupech prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch za vysok\u00fdch teplot.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Pro\u010d se v potravin\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 palmov\u00fd olej, kdy\u017e jsme se bez n\u011bj v minulosti obe\u0161li?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed palmy olejn\u00e9 na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed palmy olejn\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako jin\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch produkt\u016f kdekoliv na sv\u011bt\u011b vy\u017eaduje uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sad spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 praxe. Pokud se tomu tak ned\u011bje, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V zem\u00edch produkuj\u00edc\u00edch palmov\u00fd olej m\u016f\u017ee doch\u00e1zet k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cenn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v k p\u016fd\u011b m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pesticid\u016f apod. Aby bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee tyto nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky budou minimalizov\u00e1ny, byl v roce 2004 z\u0159\u00edzen Kulat\u00fd st\u016fl pro udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil – RSPO). RSPO byl zalo\u017een skupinou spole\u010dnost\u00ed a nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed s c\u00edlem vytvo\u0159it prvn\u00ed standard udr\u017eitelnosti, kter\u00fd by certifikoval v\u00fdrobu a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho palmov\u00e9ho oleje. V\u00edce informac\u00ed naleznete na internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch RSPO.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Co je udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed podle souboru environment\u00e1ln\u00edch a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed definovan\u00fdch podle Kulat\u00e9ho stolu pro udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil – RSPO). Celkem 8 princip\u016f a 43 d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed definuj\u00ed udr\u017eitelnou produkci palmov\u00e9ho oleje. Zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9, \u017ee jsou respektov\u00e1na a pln\u011b zohledn\u011bna z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va p\u0159edchoz\u00edch vlastn\u00edk\u016f p\u016fdy, m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit, pracovn\u00edk\u016f na plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edch, drobn\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f a jejich rodin, \u017ee od listopadu 2005 nelze pro \u00fa\u010dely p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed palmy olejn\u00e9 m\u00fdtit prim\u00e1rn\u00ed lesy nebo \u00fazem\u00ed s vysokou prioritou ochrany a \u017ee lisovny a vlastn\u00edci plant\u00e1\u017e\u00ed systematicky sni\u017euj\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 dopady sv\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. Tato krit\u00e9ria pom\u00e1haj\u00ed minimalizovat negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky spojen\u00e9 s konven\u010dn\u00edm p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm palmy olejn\u00e9.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Zp\u016fsobuje konzumace palmov\u00e9ho oleje zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Negativn\u00ed vliv konzumace palmov\u00e9ho oleje je d\u00e1v\u00e1n do souvislosti s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin v oleji. Nasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny p\u0159i nadm\u011brn\u00e9 konzumaci zvy\u0161uj\u00ed hladinu cholesterolu v krvi, co\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee pod\u00edlet na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rizik kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Vztah mezi \u017eivinami a zdrav\u00edm v\u0161ak do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1vis\u00ed na celkov\u00e9 strav\u011b a \u017eivotn\u00edm stylu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotlivce. Hladina cholesterolu a lipid\u016f v krvi je ovlivn\u011bna nejen p\u0159\u00edjmem tuk\u016f i jejich slo\u017een\u00edm, ale i konzumac\u00ed sacharid\u016f, ovoce a zeleniny, vl\u00e1kniny a alkoholu. Krom\u011b toho jsou cholesterol a krevn\u00ed lipidy ovlivn\u011bny rizikov\u00fdmi faktory, kter\u00e9 nesouvis\u00ed s konzumac\u00ed potravin, jako je fyzick\u00e1 aktivita, du\u0161evn\u00ed stres, obezita a kou\u0159en\u00ed. Tyto faktory mohou m\u00edt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv na hladinu cholesterolu v krvi a kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed rizika ne\u017e um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem nasycen\u00fdch tuk\u016f. Palmov\u00fd olej v na\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 strav\u011b nav\u00edc nen\u00ed hlavn\u00edm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjmu nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jak\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin jsou p\u0159\u00edtomna v palmov\u00e9m oleji a jak\u00e1 je tato \u00farove\u0148 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi tuky?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Palmov\u00fd olej obsahuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nasycen\u00fdch a nenasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin. Palmov\u00fd olej nem\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi tuky. Kokosov\u00fd tuk, palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk, m\u00e1slo a kakaov\u00e9 m\u00e1slo maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin ne\u017e palmov\u00fd olej.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Co jsou nasycen\u00e9 a nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Mastn\u00e1 kyselina se ozna\u010duje jako \u201enenasycen\u00e1\u201c, pokud existuje v uhlovod\u00edkov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci jedna nebo v\u00edce dvojn\u00fdch vazeb. P\u0159\u00edtomnost dvojn\u00fdch vazeb ovliv\u0148uje fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti dan\u00e9ho tuku, hlavn\u011b bod tuhnut\u00ed a to hraje i d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v organismu. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin tuk obsahuje, t\u00edm je tu\u017e\u0161\u00ed. V organismu pot\u0159ebujeme, aby lipidy v tukov\u00fdch membr\u00e1n\u00e1ch dob\u0159e zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1valy l\u00e1tkovou v\u00fdm\u011bnu p\u0159i teplot\u011b okol\u00ed. Nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed tukov\u00fdm membr\u00e1n\u00e1m pru\u017enost, proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edjem nasycen\u00fdch a nenasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin v ur\u010dit\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1ze. Nasycen\u00e1 mastn\u00e1 kyselina je \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na zkratkou SAFA nebo SFA (saturated fatty acid), podobn\u011b mononenasycen\u00e1 mastn\u00e1 kyselina, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 pouze jednu dvojnou vazbu v uhlovod\u00edkov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci, MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid). Kdy\u017e mastn\u00e1 kyselina obsahuje v\u00edce ne\u017e jednu dvojnou vazbu, naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se polynenasycen\u00e1 mastn\u00e1 kyselina, a ozna\u010duje se zkratkou PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid). Transmastn\u00e9 kyseliny (TFA-trans fatty acids) maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 vlastnosti ne\u017e nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny, kde dvojn\u00e1 vazba m\u00e1 jin\u00e9 prostorov\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Sv\u00fdmi vlastnostmi se podobaj\u00ed nasycen\u00fdm mastn\u00fdm kyselin\u00e1m, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed bod tuhnut\u00ed tuku a v tukov\u00fdch membr\u00e1n\u00e1ch, pokud se do nich zabuduj\u00ed, sni\u017euj\u00ed jejich pru\u017enost.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jsou nasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00ed jako transmastn\u00e9 kyseliny?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Nikoliv. Nasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 funkce v organismu. T\u011blo si je um\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et, pokud je pot\u0159ebuje. Transmastn\u00e9 kyseliny se v lidsk\u00e9m organismu netvo\u0159\u00ed. T\u011blo je nepot\u0159ebuje. Jsou-li p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny ve strav\u011b, zasahuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou negativn\u011b do \u0159ady metabolick\u00fdch proces\u016f v organismu. Transmastn\u00e9 kyseliny se uk\u00e1zaly mimo jin\u00e9 jako nezdrav\u00e9, proto\u017ee zvy\u0161uj\u00ed hladinu LDL-cholesterolu, sni\u017euj\u00ed hladinu HDL-cholesterolu a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko vzniku ischemick\u00e9 choroby srde\u010dn\u00ed a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i mozkov\u00e9 mrtvice. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost transmastn\u00fdch kyselin v bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch membr\u00e1n\u00e1ch sni\u017euje \u00fa\u010dinnost l\u00e1tkov\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny, co\u017e b\u00fdv\u00e1 d\u00e1v\u00e1no i do souvislosti se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm rizika vzniku diabetu 2. typu.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=“Jak\u00fd je limit p\u0159\u00edjmu nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin?“ open=“off“ _builder_version=“3.20.2″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ title_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“ body_text_shadow_horizontal_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_vertical_length=“0em“ body_text_shadow_blur_strength=“0em“]<\/p>\n Evropsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad pro bezpe\u010dnost potravin (EFSA) ve sv\u00e9m v\u011bdeck\u00e9m stanovisku z roku 2010 doporu\u010duje, aby p\u0159\u00edjem nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin byl co nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed renomovan\u00fdch nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed jako Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace (WHO), Organizace OSN pro v\u00fd\u017eivu a zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed (FAO) nebo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed vysp\u011bl\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (USA, N\u011bmecko, Nizozemsko, skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9 zem\u011b) se shoduj\u00ed v tom, \u017ee by p\u0159\u00edjem nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin nem\u011bl p\u0159ekro\u010dit 10% z celkov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu energie. To p\u0159edstavuje zhruba 20 g denn\u011b pro osoby se st\u0159edn\u00ed fyzickou aktivitou. Omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmu nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin plat\u00ed v sou\u010dtu pro v\u0161echny tuky a oleje. Palmov\u00fd olej nepat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroje nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin. Nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch tuk\u016f sn\u00edme v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 strav\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e nasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin z palmov\u00e9ho oleje.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Palmov\u00fd olej je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rostlinn\u00fdm olejem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Olej se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z du\u017einy plod\u016f palmy olejn\u00e9, kter\u00e9 jsou obvykle na\u010dervenal\u00e9 barvy. Plod palmy olejn\u00e9 m\u00e1 jedno semeno (j\u00e1dro), ze kter\u00e9ho se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk. Palmov\u00fd olej a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e1 slo\u017een\u00ed, t\u00edm i vlastnosti a hod\u00ed se p\u0159ednostn\u011b k jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm pou\u017eit\u00ed.Oba poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=168"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":285,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168\/revisions\/285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Tento dotaz se \u010dasto objevuje. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>V minulosti se pou\u017e\u00edvaly v potravin\u00e1ch m\u00edsto palmov\u00e9ho oleje \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ztu\u017een\u00e9 tuky. \n\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ztu\u017een\u00e9 tuky obsahuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl transmastn\u00fdch kyselin. Negativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky jejich konzumace na zdrav\u00ed byly prok\u00e1z\u00e1ny\nv \u0159ad\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ztu\u017een\u00fd \u0159epkov\u00fd olej mohl obsahovat a\u017e 60 % transmastn\u00fdch kyselin. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ztu\u017een\u00e9 tuky
se pou\u017e\u00edvaly ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch \u010dasto v kombinaci s jin\u00fdmi tuky a oleji, obsah transmastn\u00fdch kyselin ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch b\u00fdval obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed,
ale i relativn\u011b mal\u00fd p\u0159\u00eddavek t\u00e9to suroviny do libovoln\u00e9 potraviny mohl v\u00e9st p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 konzumaci k p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed tolerovan\u00e9ho denn\u00edho
p\u0159\u00edjmu pro transmastn\u00e9 kyseliny (2-2,5 g). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>N\u00e1hrada \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fdch ztu\u017een\u00fdch tuk\u016f palmov\u00fdm olejem je z v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9ho hlediska spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm
\u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Evropsk\u00e1 komise p\u0159ipravuje legislativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo v\u00e9st k omezen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tuk\u016f s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pod\u00edlem transmastn\u00fdch
kyselin. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/pre>\n