{"id":18,"date":"2019-02-26T11:22:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T10:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/?page_id=18"},"modified":"2019-03-18T10:55:38","modified_gmt":"2019-03-18T09:55:38","slug":"o-palmovem-oleji","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/?page_id=18","title":{"rendered":"O palmov\u00e9m oleji"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″ custom_padding=“30px|0px|54px|0px|false|false“][et_pb_row _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_column type=“3_5″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_text _builder_version=“3.19.17″ text_font=“||||||||“ header_font=“||||||||“ header_2_font=“||||||||“]<\/p>\n

CO JE PALMOV\u00dd OLEJ?<\/b><\/h3>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

Palmov\u00fd olej je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rostlinn\u00fdm olejem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 se z du\u017einy plod\u016f palmy olejn\u00e9 (Elaeis guineensis<\/i>). Plody maj\u00ed na\u010dervenalou barvu d\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu obsahu \u03b2-karotenu, velikost\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed velk\u00fdm oliv\u00e1m. Plody maj\u00ed jedno semeno\/j\u00e1dro, z n\u011bho se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd olej. Plody obsahuj\u00ed asi 30-35 % oleje. Palmov\u00fd a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd olej jsou stejn\u00e9ho botanick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, z hlediska slo\u017een\u00ed mastn\u00fdch kyselin se v\u0161ak v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f <\/b><\/h4>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

Palma olejn\u00e1 roste v oblastech okolo rovn\u00edku. Jedn\u00e1 se o tropick\u00fd strom s asi 5 metr\u016f dlouh\u00fdmi listy. P\u016fvodn\u00ed domovinou byla Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afrika v sou\u010dasnosti je v\u011bt\u0161inou p\u011bstov\u00e1na v Indon\u00e9sii a Malajsii, kter\u00e9 se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobce palmov\u00e9ho oleje.<\/p>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_column type=“3_5″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_text _builder_version=“3.19.17″ text_font=“||||||||“ header_font=“||||||||“ header_2_font=“||||||||“]<\/p>\n

Z tropick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed<\/b><\/h4>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edroda hraje velkou roli v p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o palmov\u00e9m oleji. Co strom nade v\u0161e miluje, je slunce a vlhkost. Dlouh\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00ed svit, teploty v rozmez\u00ed 24 a\u017e 32 \u00b0C<\/p>\n

a rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho roku vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro r\u016fst palmy olejn\u00e9. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se palma olejn\u00e1 p\u011bstuje mezi des\u00e1t\u00fdm stupn\u011bm severn\u011b a ji\u017en\u011b od rovn\u00edku. Krom\u011b Indon\u00e9sie a Malajsie se produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje roz\u0161i\u0159uje do jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011bta jako Ji\u017en\u00ed a St\u0159edn\u00ed Amerika, Thajsko nebo Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afrika.<\/p>\n

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V\u00cdTE, \u017dE\u2026? <\/b><\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Palmov\u00fd olej a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd tuk p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed\u00a0\u00a038 %<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0sv\u011btov\u00e9 produkce rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f.<\/li>\n
  • Ro\u010dn\u00ed produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje \u010din\u00ed 62 <\/span>milion\u016f tun<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  • Z jedn\u00e9 palmy olejn\u00e9 se ro\u010dn\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1 40 <\/span>kg<\/strong><\/span> palmov\u00e9ho oleje.<\/li>\n
  • Na jednom hektaru plant\u00e1\u017ee palmy olejn\u00e9 se vyprodukuje 3,8 tun oleje<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  • Palma olejn\u00e1 zauj\u00edm\u00e1 7 <\/span>%<\/strong> celosv\u011btov\u00e9 obd\u011bl\u00e1van\u00e9 plochy<\/strong><\/span>, kter\u00e1 je zdrojem rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f, ale m\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed produkci<\/strong><\/span> 38 % ze v\u0161ech olej\u016f a tuk\u016f<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  • Indon\u00e9sie a Malajsie dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed 80 <\/span>% <\/span>celosv\u011btov\u011b<\/strong><\/span> pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho palmov\u00e9ho oleje.<\/li>\n
  • Palmov\u00fd olej poskytuje v Indon\u00e9sii a Malajsii dohromady \u017eivobyt\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4,5 milion\u016fm lid\u00ed<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  • Palmov\u00fd olej byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v lidsk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b ji\u017e p\u0159ed 5 000 lety<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_row _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_column type=“3_5″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_text _builder_version=“3.19.17″ text_font=“||||||||“ header_font=“||||||||“ header_2_font=“||||||||“]<\/p>\n

    PRODUKCE PALMOV\u00c9HO OLEJE <\/b><\/h3>\n

    <\/b><\/p>\n

    Palma olejn\u00e1 je nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed olejninou z hlediska vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u016fdy. M\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdt\u011b\u017enost oleje na hektar p\u016fdy v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi olejninami. Plody se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed skl\u00edzet, kdy\u017e je palma olejn\u00e1 star\u00e1 t\u0159i a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky.<\/p>\n

    Celosv\u011btov\u00e1 produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje se zv\u00fd\u0161ila z 15,2 milion\u016f tun v roce 1995 na 62,6 milion\u016f tun v roce 2015. To p\u0159edstavuje nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed objem z produkce v\u0161ech rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f, o 10 milion\u016f tun v\u00edce ne\u017e poskytuje druh\u00e1 olejnina (s\u00f3ja). Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl ze sv\u011btov\u00e9 produkce se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v Indon\u00e9sii (53 %) a Malajsii (32 %). K v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje do\u0161lo i v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek k celosv\u011btov\u00e9 produkci poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Ji\u017en\u00ed a St\u0159edn\u00ed Ameriky (3,4 milionu tun), Thajska (1,8 milionu tun) a Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afriky (2,4 milionu tun).<\/p>\n

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    Vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 plodina (zdroj: Oil World 2016) <\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=“https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/vykona-plodina.png“ _builder_version=“3.19.17″ animation_style=“slide“ animation_direction=“right“][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_column type=“3_5″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][et_pb_text _builder_version=“3.19.17″ text_font=“||||||||“ header_font=“||||||||“ header_2_font=“||||||||“]<\/p>\n

    UDR\u017dITELN\u00dd PALMOV\u00dd OLEJ <\/b><\/h3>\n

    <\/b><\/p>\n

    Palma olejn\u00e1 se p\u011bstuje na velk\u00fdch plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edch i na mal\u00fdch rodinn\u00fdch farm\u00e1ch. Udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fakolem ve dvou sm\u011brech: dos\u00e1hnout co nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdnos\u016f s co nejmen\u0161\u00edm dopadem na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku r\u016fstu obyvatelstva a prosperity v zem\u00edch jako je \u010c\u00edna a Indie se neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje popt\u00e1vka po palmov\u00e9m oleji. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee do roku 2020 produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje dos\u00e1hne celosv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 68 milion\u016f tun. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed produkuj\u00edc\u00edch palmov\u00fd olej m\u00e1 obchod s n\u00edm potenci\u00e1l v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu r\u016fstu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed chudoby.<\/p>\n

    Dlouhodob\u00e9 c\u00edle
    <\/b><\/span>V souvislosti s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem popt\u00e1vky po palmov\u00e9m oleji rychle rostla rozloha p\u016fdy pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed palmy olejn\u00e9. \u00dakolem je zajistit, aby expanze prob\u00edhala udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem s respektem k lidem a p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b v zem\u00edch, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00edce biologicky rozmanit\u00fdm oblastem planety. Odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed plant\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00edch, kter\u00e1 zadr\u017euj\u00ed velk\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed uhl\u00edku, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. P\u0159i nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch postupech m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku negativn\u00ed dopady na p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje, zp\u016fsobovat poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v k vlastnictv\u00ed p\u016fdy m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel a m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pesticid\u016f.<\/p>\n

    Udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej
    <\/b>V reakci na nal\u00e9havou pot\u0159ebu \u0159e\u0161it tyto probl\u00e9mov\u00e9 oblasti a vyhov\u011bt glob\u00e1ln\u00ed popt\u00e1vce po palmov\u00e9m oleji z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9m udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem spojila skupina firem a nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed v roce 2004 sv\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/p>\n

    Byl zalo\u017een Kulat\u00fd st\u016fl pro udr\u017eitelnou produkci palmov\u00e9ho oleje (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, RSPO) jako neziskov\u00e1 organizace, kter\u00e1 sdru\u017euje subjekty ze sedmi odv\u011btv\u00ed, souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s palmov\u00fdm olejem: p\u011bstitele palmy olejn\u00e9, zpracovatele palmov\u00e9ho oleje, obchodn\u00edky s palmov\u00fdm olejem, v\u00fdrobce spot\u0159ebn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed, maloobchodn\u00edky, banky a investory, stejn\u011b jako nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace z oblasti \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed sf\u00e9ry a rozvojov\u00fdch program\u016f.<\/p>\n

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    Ro\u010dn\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 produkce <\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=“https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/rocni-udrzitelna-produkce.png“ _builder_version=“3.19.17″ animation_style=“slide“ animation_direction=“right“][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_circle_counter title=“17 % sv\u011btov\u00e9 produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje je certifikov\u00e1no spole\u010dnost\u00ed RSPO (2016)“ number=“17″ _builder_version=“3.19.17″][\/et_pb_circle_counter][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    CO JE PALMOV\u00dd OLEJ? Palmov\u00fd olej je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rostlinn\u00fdm olejem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 se z du\u017einy plod\u016f palmy olejn\u00e9 (Elaeis guineensis). Plody maj\u00ed na\u010dervenalou barvu d\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu obsahu \u03b2-karotenu, velikost\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed velk\u00fdm oliv\u00e1m. Plody maj\u00ed jedno semeno\/j\u00e1dro, z n\u011bho se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd olej. Plody obsahuj\u00ed asi 30-35 % oleje. Palmov\u00fd a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00fd olej jsou stejn\u00e9ho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162,"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions\/162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.udrzitelnypalmovyolej.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}